National Flag · India

National Flag (Tiranga)

Officially designated Reported

A horizontal tricolour of deep saffron, white and dark green in equal proportions, with a navy-blue 24-spoke wheel (the Ashoka Chakra) at the centre of the white band. The ratio of width to length is two to three.

India's national flag, the Tiranga ("tricolour"), has three equal horizontal bands: deep saffron at the top, white in the middle and dark green at the bottom. At the centre of the white band is a navy-blue wheel with 24 spokes – the Ashoka Chakra, taken from the Lion Capital of Ashoka at Sarnath. The flag's width-to-length ratio is two to three.

The Constituent Assembly adopted the design on 22 July 1947, a few weeks before independence. The colours are commonly explained as courage and sacrifice (saffron), truth and peace (white) and faith, growth and fertility (green), while the chakra represents the dharma – righteousness and progress – of a nation that keeps moving forward.

How the flag may be displayed is set out in the Flag Code of India. Amendments in recent years have made it easier for citizens to fly the flag at their homes, including flags made of polyester and machine-made fabric in addition to traditional khadi.

Sources & references

  1. National Portal of India – National Identity Elements – Government of India , retrieved 10 Oct 2026 Reported